Szemináriumok

Competition of trivial and topological phases in graphene based hybrid systems

Időpont: 
2019. 11. 22. 10:15
Hely: 
Building F, stairway III., seminar room of the Dept. of Theoretical Physics
Előadó: 
Zoltán Tajkov (ELTE)

Tuning spin-orbit interaction in graphene samples promises several revolutionary applications. One of the most striking effects is the appearance of a quantum spin Hall phase as proposed by Kane and Mele. Since the intrinsic spin-orbit coupling is weak in graphene one needs to turn to alternative methods in order to reach the topological phase. Combining graphene with other novel layered materials is a possible way for engineering the band structure of charge carriers. Strong spin-orbit coupling in BiTeX compounds and the recent fabrication of a single layer of BiTeI points towards a feasible experimental realization of a Kane-Mele phase in graphene-based heterostructures. In our previous work, we explored the electronic structure and topological phase diagram of hybrid systems built from graphene and BiTeX (X=I, Br, Cl) layers. We showed that structural stress inherently present in fabricated samples could easily induce a topological phase transition thus turning the sample in a novel experimental realization of a time reversal invariant topological insulator. During the talk I would like to show a model that captures the essence of the undergoing physical processes in these systems focusing on the low-energy degrees of freedom of the perturbed graphene lattice.

Topological superconductivity from ferromagnetic impurity chains on NbSe2

Időpont: 
2019. 11. 25. 14:00
Hely: 
Building F, stairway III., seminar room of the Dept. of Theoretical Physics
Előadó: 
Doru Sticlet (Cluj-Napoca)

Abstract: Recent experiments have resolved Yu-Shiba-Rusinov bound states induced by magnetic impurities (atoms or molecules) on NbSe2 superconductors. In our work, we show that it is possible to generate Majorana bound states localized at the ends of chains of ferromagnetic impurities on top of NbSe2. The robustness of topological phases is analyzed as a function of coupling strength between substrate and impurity, the orientation of the impurity chains on the superconductor, and the impurity spin direction.

 

Reference: D. Sticlet and C. Morari, Phys. Rev. B 100, 075420 (2019)

Entanglement and thermodynamics in non-equilibrium quantum systems

Időpont: 
2019. 11. 26. 14:30
Hely: 
Building F, stairway III., 2nd floor, room F3213
Előadó: 
Pasquale Calabrese (SISSA)

Entanglement and entropy are key concepts standing at the foundations of quantum and statistical mechanics. In the last decade the study of the non-equilibrium dynamics of isolated quantum systems revealed that these two concepts are intricately intertwined. Although the unitary time evolution ensuing from a pure initial state maintains the system globally at zero entropy, at long time after the quench local properties are captured by an appropriate statistical ensemble with non zero thermodynamic entropy, which can be interpreted as the entanglement accumulated during the dynamics. Therefore, understanding the post-quench entanglement evolution unveils how thermodynamics emerges in isolated quantum systems.

Scanning spacetime with patterns of entanglement

Időpont: 
2019. 11. 29. 10:15
Hely: 
Building F, stairway III., seminar room of the Dept. of Theoretical Physics
Előadó: 
Lévay Péter (BME)

In theories of emergent gravity and holography the classical geometry of spacetime is arising from entanglement patterns of states of a conformal quantum field theory (CFT) living on its boundary. Using the AdS/CFT correspondence in this talk we elucidate how boundary entanglement patterns of the CFT vacuum are encoded into the bulk via the dynamics of a cluster algebra.
 

For a subdivision of the boundary into n parts the conditional mutual informations of overlapping boundary regions are mapped to triangulations of geodesic n-gons of the bulk. Such triangulations are mapped to tilings of kinematic space with causal diamonds. In this picture cluster dynamics is just a scanning of kinematic space by a seed pattern of such diamonds. We show that the space of all such tilings forms an associahedron, an object also known form recent studies of the theory of the S-matrix. Finally we observe that the flips relating the tilings are reminiscent of errors in an error correcting code.

Theory of Universal Quantum Work in Metallic Grains

Időpont: 
2019. 12. 02. 14:00
Hely: 
Building F, stairway III., seminar room of the Dept. of Theoretical Physics
Előadó: 
András Grabarits (BME)

We investigate the statistics of work performed on generic disordered, non-interacting nanograins during quantum quenches. The time evolution of work statistics as well as the probability of adiabaticity are found to exhibit universal features, the latter decaying as a stretched exponential. In slowly driven systems, the most important features of work statistics are understood in terms of a diffusion of fermions in energy space, generated by Landau-Zener transitions, and are captured by a Markovian symmetrical exclusion process, with the diffusion constant identified as the absorption rate. The energy absorption is found to exhibit an anomalous frequency dependence at small energies, reflecting the symmetry class of the underlying Hamiltonian. Our predictions can be experimentally verified by calorimetric measurements performed on nanoscale circuits.

Advanced Josephson junction circuits: phase coherence in heat transport

Időpont: 
2019. 12. 10. 14:30
Hely: 
Building F, Entrance III, room F3123
Előadó: 
Francesco Giazotto (Pisa)

The emerging field of phase-coherent caloritronics is based on the possibility of controlling heat currents by using the phase difference of the superconducting order parameter. The goal is to design and implement thermal devices that can control energy transfer with a degree of accuracy approaching that reached for charge transport by contemporary electronic components. This can be done by making use of the macroscopic quantum coherence intrinsic to superconducting condensates, which manifests itself through the Josephson effect and the proximity effect. The talk focuses on the first experimental realization of a heat interferometer.

Proximitized materials made of graphene and transition-metal dichalcogenides

Időpont: 
2019. 12. 13. 10:15
Hely: 
Building F, stairway III., seminar room of the Dept. of Theoretical Physics
Előadó: 
Martin Gmitra (Kosice)

Graphene on transition-metal dichalcogenides exhibits proximity spin-orbit effects opening new venues for optospintronics, and provides route for exploring robust helical edge states. Some of the transition-metal dichalcogenides showing metal-insulator transition and the sequence of different charge density wave transformations. In such a case a fascinating finding is observed as the induced proximity effects in graphene are significantly influenced by the presence of the commensurate charge density wave. We present our first-principles results for the electronic band structures and suggest relevant orbital and spin-orbital proximity effects by means of phenomenological symmetry-based Hamiltonians.

Chaos in the butterfly cone

Időpont: 
2019. 12. 20. 09:00
Hely: 
Building F, stairway III., seminar room of the Dept. of Theoretical Physics
Előadó: 
Gábor Sárosi (CERN)

Note the unusal time: 9:00!

 

A simple probe of chaos and operator growth in many-body quantum systems is the out of time ordered four point function. In a large class of local systems, the effects of chaos in this correlator build up exponentially fast inside the so called butterfly cone. It has been previously observed that the growth of these effects is organized along rays and can be characterized by a velocity dependent Lyapunov exponent. We prove a bound on this exponent that generalizes the chaos bound of Maldacena, Shenker and Stanford. We observe that many systems saturate this bound in a finite size region near the edge of the butterfly cone and the size of this region grows with the coupling. We discuss the connection to conformal Regge theory, where the velocity dependent exponent controls the four point function in an interpolating regime between the Regge and the light cone limit, and relate the aforementioned saturation of our bound to an exchange of dominance between the stress tensor and the pomeron.

Entanglement dynamics and symmetries

Időpont: 
2020. 01. 06. 11:15
Hely: 
Building F, stairway III., seminar room of the Dept. of Theoretical Physics
Előadó: 
Tibor Rakovszky (TU Munich)

I will discuss the dynamics of entanglement in quantum systems evolving unitarily from a far-from-equilibrium initial state, focusing how it is affected by the diffusive transport of conserved quantities such as energy or charge. I will show that such transport leads to qualitative differences between different measures of entanglement; in particular between different Renyi entropies. This result is relevant for ongoing cold atom experiments and constitutes a previously unappreciated feature of the thermalization process in interacting quantum systems. I will describe various approaches to understand this phenomenon and discuss minimal models where it can be observed numerically.

 

Relevant references:
https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.250602
https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.12384
https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.03645

Non-Markovian spin relaxation model applied to point defect qubit systems

Időpont: 
2020. 01. 10. 10:15
Hely: 
Building F, stairway III., seminar room of the Dept. of Theoretical Physics
Előadó: 
Viktor Ivády (Wigner/Linköping)

Controllable, partially isolated few level systems in semiconductors have recently gained multidisciplinary attention due to their widespread nanoscale sensing and quantum technology applications. Quantitative simulation of the dynamics and related applications of such systems is a challenging theoretical task that requires faithful description not only of the few-level systems but also of the local environment. I will report on a method that can describe relevant relaxation processes induced by a dilute bath of nuclear and electron spins. The method utilizes an extended Lindblad equation in the framework of cluster approximation of a central spin system. Furthermore, I will demonstrate that the proposed method can accurately describe the T1 time of an exemplary solid-state point defect qubit system, the NV center in diamond, at various external fields.

Oldalak